Classification

Each dairy breed has established breed standards for type. Classification measures how closely an animal approaches the ideal. Like all things, classification has evolved over the years as breed goals and environmental conditions change. Classification is performed by a small group of well-trained individuals who meet regularly to ensure the quality and uniformity of the program.

Classification information serves two primary purposes: breeding and marketing.

As a Breeding Tool

Breeders can use linear scores to identify areas where a cow needs improvement and select matings accordingly. The linear scores from each daughter are included in the USDA sire summary information and describe the type traits of a bull’s offspring.

As a Marketing Tool

Breakdowns and final scores appear on pedigrees and in advertising. The final score is most commonly used to promote the animal and her offspring, while the mammary breakdown score is the second most commonly used classification score in marketing materials.

Scorecard

The current American Lineback Scorecard was updated in 2016. It consists of 16 linear traits with five major breakdowns, emphasizing traits that contribute to the productive life of the animal.

  • Linear traits are scored on a 1–9 scale, with higher numbers being more desirable for most traits.
  • For traits such as rear legs (side view), the middle of the scale is ideal—not too straight nor too set.
  • Many linear traits are measured directly, without adjustment for age or stage of lactation.

Major Breakdowns

The five major breakdowns are scored numerically from 50–99 points and weighted as follows to determine the final score:

  • Strength and Substance = 15%
  • Dairy Quality = 15%
  • Rump = 10%
  • Mobility = 20%
  • Mammary System = 40%

Final Score Categories

  • 90 – 95 Excellent
  • 85 – 89 Very Good
  • 80 – 84 Good Plus
  • 75 – 79 Good
  • 65 – 74 Fair
  • 60 – 64 Poor 

The combination of linear scores, major breakdowns, and final score provides a detailed picture of the cow’s strengths and weaknesses, allowing breeders to evaluate animals without physically seeing them. This creates a uniform measuring tool that all breeders can understand and use.

ALCR Classification Rules
Linear Trait Descriptions
PDCA Official Score Card

Signing Up for Tours

Regular classification tours occur approximately every seven months in different areas of the country.

  • Applications for classification are due 60 days before the start of the tour in that area.
  • Breeders may request a Special Classification at a different time for an additional cost.

Contact for Classification

Allicia Horn
Email: ahorn@brownswissusa.com
Website: http://www.brownswissusa.com/

Address:
800 Pleasant Street
Beloit, WI 53511

Phone: (608) 365-4477
Fax: (608) 365-5577

2026 Classification Reminder Follows Brown Swiss Schedule

April
CA, 
PA, NJ, DE, MD, VA
Classification Apps Due
February 1, 2026

May
KY, TN, NC, SC, GA, FL, AL, MS, LA, AR, MO, OK, TX  
Classification Apps Due
March 1, 2026

June
WI
Classification Apps Due
April 1, 2026

July
NV, AZ, NM, WA, OR, MT, WY, ID, UT, CO
Classification Apps Due
May 1, 2026

August
IN, MI, OH, WV
Classification Apps Due
June 1, 2026

September
NY, CT, MA, RI, ME, NH, VT
Classification Apps Due
July 1, 2026

October
CA
IL, IA, MN, ND, SD, NE, KS
Classification Apps Due
August 1, 2026

November
PA, NJ, DE, MD, VA
Classification Apps Due
September 1, 2026

December
KY, TN, NC, SC, GA, FL, AL, MS, LA, AR, MO, OK, TX 
Classification Apps Due
October 1, 2026